固体中的概念 固体理论讲义 英文影印版
作者：（美）安德森 著
出版时间：2014年版
丛编项： 经典物理学丛书·固体中的概念
内容简介
These notes were for a course given at the Cavendish Laboratory， Cambridge，in the fall and winter terms of 1961-1962. Nominally， it was for second- and third-year graduate
students who had had a survey course in solid-state physics， and were interested (at least) in theory; but I assumed very litte fonnal theoretical background. I think the nores can be read by anyone who has had a thorough course in quantum mechanics， but the reader who knows something about solids will find them much easier， and will also not be misguided by my rather arbitrary and specialized choice of material.
The idea of the course was to teach a number of central concepts of solid-state physics， trying to choose those - band theory， nearly free electrons， effective Hamilto-nian theory， elementary excitations， broken symmetry - which lay as near as possible to what I consider to be the main stream of development of the subject. Such a choice is necessarily arbitrary - whose fields， su ch as dislocation theory， transport theory and fluctuation-dissipation theorems， magnetic resonance theory in all its forms， and critical fluctuations， which could easily be argued to be quite as important， were ignored， simply because the course was of f/nite length. My choice of examples was even more arbitrary.Forinstance， the choices of the electric field case of effective Hamiltonian theory and of excitons to illustrate collective excitations were made because I thought the students were likely to encounter the more usual examples elsewhere. From time to time， to liven the course up a bit， I introduced original material; the discussions of the limitations of nearly free electron theory， of the philosophies of elementary excitation theory， and of broken symmetry are new， and that of the magnetic state is not widely available.
Thelanguage and presentation are very informal; very few changes were made from my original lecture notes as written. I might add that little effort has been made to bring them up to date. Both Iinutations are ofcourse implicit in the idea of a lecture note volume.
目录
1. Introduction
A. Preparation and Texts
B. Plan of the Course
C Generalities and Classification of Solids
2. One-Electron Theory
A. Hartree-Fock Theory
1. General Philosophy of Hartree-Fock
2. Derivation of Self-Consistent Equations: Second Quantization
B. Energy Bands in Solids
1. Perturbation Theory for Weak Periodic Potential: Brillouin and Jone Zones and Symmetrized Plane Waves
2. The Cellular Method: Quantitative Calculation of Binding Energy
3. Exchange and Correlation in the Free-Electron Gas
4. The O.P.W. Method
C. One-Electron Band Theory in the Presence of Perturbing Fields
1. Introduction
2. Weakly Bound Impurity States
3. Motion in External Fields
4. Breakdown Effects
5. Rigorous Basis of Effective Hamiltonian Theory
3. Elementary Excitations
A. The Idea of Elementary Excitations: Generalities on Many-Body Theory
1. The Variational Theorem
2. The Exclusion Principle
3. Screening
4. The Concept of Elementary Excitations
B. The N+1 Body Problem
1. Quasi-Particles
2. Effects of Phonons in the N+1 Body Problem
C. Quasi-Particles in Metals: The Fermi Liquid
D. Collective Excitations
1. Excitons
2. Spin Waves: Heisenberg Hamiltonian and the Magnetic State
3. Ferromagnetic Spin Waves
4. Antiferromagnetic Spin Waves and Broken Symmetry
Bibliography
